High-temperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century pdf

Medium temperature phosphoric acid and high temperature solid oxide and molten carbonate fuel cells are more applicable where systems may run for extended periods without freq uent start and stop cycles. Singhal skip to main content we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Thin film solid oxide fuel cells tfsofcs are attracting attention due to their ability to. A brief description of high temperature solid oxide fuel. In 1951, the first commercially available high pressure electrolyser 30 bar was presented by lurgi. Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century. Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century 2nd. However, limited cathode performance and cell scalability remain persistent issues. Fundamentals, design and applications kevin kendall, michaela kendall on. Sofcs are the most efficient devices for the electrochemical conversion of chemical energy of hydrocarbon fuels into electricity, and have been gaining increasing attention for clean and efficient. Department of chemical engineering and biotechnology. A single source for all the latest information on solid oxide fuel cells and their applications. High temperature and solid oxide fuel cells sciencedirect. Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells, 2nd edition.

This article provides a perspective on solid oxide fuel cells operating at low temperature, defined here to be the range from. The model includes diffusive and advective transport processes, an electrochemical source of oxygen, and the cons. A solid oxide fuel cell is a device that produces electricity directly from oxidizing hydrogen. Report on the status of the solid oxide fuel cell program. With low cost ceramic materials combined with extremely. Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st. High temperature solid oxide fuel cells fundamentals design. The development of electrolytes for intermediate temperature.

These systems also have benefits in combined heat and power chp generation, and offer simplified operation on fossil and renewable fuels. The attractive feature of the sofc is its clean and efficient production of electricity from a variety of practical fuels. High temperature solid oxide fuel cells, second edition, explores the growing interest in fuel cells as a sustainable source of energy. Hence, co is not a poison and hydrocarbon containing fuels can in principle be used without upstream fuel processing. Sofcs are completely solid state devices 1 operated at high temperature 500 c. Buy hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century. Torrell m, morata a, kayser p, kendall m, kendall k, et al.

Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century fundamentals, design and applications details this book explores the growing interest in fuel cells as a sustainable source of energy. Second edition book january 2015 with 112 reads how we measure reads. Because sofcs are made entirely of solid materials, they are not limited to the flat plane configuration of other types of fuel cells and are often designed as rolled tubes. Oxygen exchange kinetics on solid oxide fuel cell cathode materialsgeneral trends and their mechanistic interpretation volume 27 issue 15 lei wang, rotraut merkle, yuri a. Allsputtered, superior power density thinfilm solid oxide fuel. Ionic conducting composite as electrolyte for low temperature. Chapter 6 development of sofc interconnect stainless. Science and technology of solidoxide fuel cells mrs. Theoretical and experimental study of solid oxide fuel cell. Oxide fuel cells with a novel nanofibrous ceramic cathode. Connecting the external path back to the cathode completes the circuit. Recent advances in high temperature electrolysis using solid. A ceramic fuel cell in an all solid state energy conversion device that produces electricity by electrochemically combining fuel and oxidant gases across an ionic conducting oxide. Synthesis of dispersed and contiguous nanoparticles in solid.

Advances in medium and high temperature solid oxide fuel. A mixture of zirconium oxide and calcium oxide form a crystal lattice, though other oxide combinations have also been used as. There are two categories of materials used for sofc plates. We analyze a model for the combustion of methane in a planar solid oxide fuel cell. High temperature solid oxide fuel cells fundamentals, desig and. Ionic conducting composite as electrolyte for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells functional materials division, kth, 2010 i abstract solid oxide fuel cells sofcs are considered as one of the most promising power generation technologies due to their high energy conversion efficiency, fuel flexibility and reduced pollution. They are energy conversion devices composed of an ionically conducting electrolyte and electronically conducting electrodes. Mobile robots enhanced by microtubular solid oxide fuel cells. Minh1 1 center for energy research, university of california, san diego, 2 materials science and engineering program, university of california, san diego.

Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. Solid state ionic devices such as fuel cells and oxygen separation membranes require the adsorption of oxygen molecules, their dissociation into oxygen atoms, oxidation by charge exchange and entry of the resultant ion into the solid phase. Fuel processing for lowtemperature and hightemperature fuel cells challenges and opportunities for sustainable development in the 21st century, 2003. Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells, second edition, explores the growing interest in fuel cells as a sustainable source of energy. Sofcgt hybrid systems have been considered for dg and central power generation applications 10, 22, 6776. Since the power generation efficiency of a cell itself is high and, further, the operation temperature is as high as oc, it is possible to achieve a high power generation efficiency of more than 60% by making a combined cycle. Abstract the hightemperature solid oxide electrolyte fuel cell sofc represents the basic building block for power generation in a variety of applications, ranging from total energy systems for residences, industrial cogeneration systems, and utility central station power production. Fuel cells were invented over a century ago and have been used in practically every nasa mission since the 1960s, but until now, they have not gained widespread adoption because of their inherently high costs. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc is a promising alternative energy source, with its advantages of high operating efficiency, fuel flexibility, low emissions and relatively low cost. Table 61 provides a summary of the primary advantages and disadvantages of the various types of fuel cells. In contrast, solid oxide fuel cells are capable of operating on conventional fuels as well as hydrogen today. Buy the hardcover book hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century.

A new microsofc is designed and fabricated which shows enhanced thermal robustness by employing oxide based thinfilm electrode and porous stainless steel sts substrate. However, there are several challenges concerning the sofc research. Recent developments in solid oxide fuel cell materials. Materials for hightemperature oxygen reduction in solid. Fuel processing for lowtemperature and hightemperature fuel cells. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs are high temperature fuel cells, which are being developed for large scale and distributed power systems. Oxidation behaviour and phase transformations of an interconnect material in simulated anode environment of intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells. Intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells chemical. Swartza a nexceris llc, lewis center, ohio 43035, usa in the development of solidoxide fuel cells, highperformance coatings are essential. Kendall k, kendall m 2015 hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century. Ramamurthy, correlation between structural and electrochemical properties of potassium doped strontium silicates for electrolyte application in intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells, journal of alloys and compounds, 10.

A ceramic fuel cell in an all solidstate energy conversion device that produces electricity by electrochemically combining fuel and oxidant gases across an ionic conducting oxide. For such systems, very high efficiencies can be achieved from integration with gas turbines for largescale stationary applications. In this book wellknown experts highlight cuttingedge research priorities and discuss the state of the art in the field of solid oxide fuel cells giving an update on specific subjects such as protonic conductors, interconnects, electrocatalytic and catalytic processes and modelling approaches. Miniaturized solid oxide fuel cells microsofcs are being extensively studied as a promising alternative to li batteries for next generation portable power. High temperature solid oxide fuel cells fundamentals. Nowadays, low temperature electrolysis technology is available with at least. A perspective on lowtemperature solid oxide fuel cells. Little is known about the complex interfacial electrochemistry and, and it is also thermochemistry. The text brings the topic of green energy front and center, illustrating the need for new books that provide comprehensive and practical information on specific types of fuel cells and their applications. As a result, fuel cells can have different performance characteristics, advantages, and limitations, which can be suited to distributed generation applications in a variety of approaches. Oxygen gets reduced at the cathode by taking electrons and gets ionized. Fundamentals, design and applications 2 by kendall dr. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs have been developed for a broad spectrum of power generation applications.

Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century fundamentals, design and applications details this book explores the growing interest in fuel cells as. A brief description of high temperature solid oxide fuel cell. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc electrodes, after their high temperature sintering, may be impregnated infiltrated to deposit nanoparticles within their pores. Request pdf hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century. Advances in low temperature coatings for solid oxide fuel. Jan 11, 2016 performance of largescale anodesupported solid oxide fuel cells with impregnated la0. Evolution of the electrochemical interface in high. Combining hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells with photovoltaic solar panels or zinc oxide solar panels can be a good candidate to produceconvert and store the. Solid oxide fuel cells an overview sciencedirect topics. It brings the topic of green energy front and center, illustrating the need for new books that provide. Oxygenated hydrocarbon fuels for solid oxide fuel cells core. Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cell technical status. Fundamentals, design and applications by kevin kendall, michaela kendall and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at.

Free engineering books and other many books so hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells by subhash c singhal read this books and download. Advances in low temperature coatings for solid oxide fuel cell components n. Solid oxide fuel cell an overview sciencedirect topics. Fuel cells are intrinsically much more energyefficient, and could achieve as high as 7080% system efficiency including heat utilization in electric power plants using solid oxide fuel cells sofc, versus the current efficiency of 3037% via combustion, and 4050% efficiency for transportation using protonexchange membrane fuel cells. Thin film solid oxide fuel cells tfsofcs are attracting attention due to their ability to operate at comparatively lower temperatures 400650c that are unattainable for conventional anodesupported sofcs 650800c. Nov 18, 2011, fuel processing for lowtemperature and hightemperature fuel cells challenges, and opportunities for sustainable development in the 21st century. Kendall, in hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century, 2016. Micro solid oxide fuel cell fabricated on porous stainless. In hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century.

Free university, collage, school and other all books in pdf form. Fuel processing for lowtemperature and hightemperature. Fundamentals, design and applications kendall, kevin, kendall, michaela on. The development of electrolytes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells e.

Solid oxide fuel cells were originally made for use as a commercial light source, in an effort to replace carbon filament lamps. Challenges, and opportunities for sustainable development in the 21st century. It is followed by the explanation on the choices of materials focussing on ferritic stainless steels. Science and technology of solidoxide fuel cells volume 25 issue 3 s. Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells by subhash c. Lowering the temperature of solid oxide fuel cells science. This landmark volume on solid oxide fuel cells contains contributions from experts of international repute, and provides a. For decades, experts have agreed that solid oxide fuel cells sofcs hold the greatest potential of any fuel cell technology. Free shipping and pickup in store on eligible orders. A lowoperatingtemperature solid oxide fuel cell in.

Energy production and management in the 21st century, vol. Read hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century fundamentals, design and applications by kevin kendall available from rakuten kobo. Swartza a nexceris llc, lewis center, ohio 43035, usa in the development of solid oxide fuel cells, high performance coatings are essential to successful commercialization. Latest state of fuel cells that open the way to an environ. Pdf high temperature solid oxide fuel cells fun dam en tals.

The model includes diffusive and advective transport processes. Fundamentals, design and applications by kevin kendall at indigo. The materials used in sofcs must be physically stable and resist corrosion from the electrolyte at high temperatures. Solid oxide fuel cells fuel cells were invented over a century ago and. Minh, in hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century, 2016. Solid oxide fuel cells have a wide variety of applications, from use as auxiliary power units in vehicles to stationary power generation with outputs from 100 w to 2 mw. In 2009, australian company, ceramic fuel cells successfully achieved an efficiency of an sofc device up to the previously theoretical mark of 60%. Purchase hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells for the 21st century 2nd edition. Molten carbonate fuel cells mcfcs are hightemperature fuel cells that use an electrolyte composed of a molten carbonate salt mixture suspended in a porous, chemically inert ceramic lithium aluminum oxide matrix. Sofc technology has been advancing at a rapid rate over the decade since the first edition of this volume was published in 2003 4. Analysis of a model for a loaded, planar, solid oxide fuel. Oxide fuel cells with a novel nanofibrous ceramic cathode all.

These lowtemperature solid oxide fuel cells ltsofcs have seen considerable research and development and are widely viewed as the next generation technology, f. The chapter introduces components and working principle of solid oxide fuel cells sofcs. Report on the status of the solid oxide fuel cell program page 2 usable power. Alfonsina pappacena, luca bardini and marta boaro, catalysts and processes in solid oxide fuel cells, advances in medium and high temperature solid oxide fuel cell technology, 10.

Largely, this failure has stemmed from a lack of materials knowledge and the absence of. Basic operation of solid oxide fuel cell the high temperature fuel cell operates from 800 c to c. Intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell electrolytes. Solid oxide fuel cells sofcs use a solid material, most commonly a ceramic material called yttriastabilized zirconia ysz, as the electrolyte. The performance of a singlechamber solid oxide fuel cell was studied using a ceriabased solid electrolyte at temperatures below 773 kelvin. Fundamentals, design and applications provides a comprehensive discussion of solid oxide fuel cells sofcs. As indicated earlier, hybridisation of the sofc with a gt significantly improves system efficiency table 9. This edition explores the growing interest in fuel cells as a sustainable source of energy. Synthesis of dispersed and contiguous nanoparticles in. Solid oxide fuel cell sofc sofc also has excellent characteristics among fuel cells. The objective of this capstone project is to understand deeply how solid oxide fuel cells technology works. Hightemperature solid oxide fuel cells, second edition, explores the growing interest in fuel cells as a sustainable so. A solid oxide fuel cell sofc uses a hard ceramic electrolyte instead of a liquid and operates at temperatures up to 1,000 degrees c about 1,800 degrees f. One of the most urgent problems in the 21st century will regard.

Molten carbonate fuel cell mcfc, solid oxide fuel cell sofc are explained, describing advantages and. It has zero emissions, which makes it an ecofriendly technology. They require much higher loadings of expensive platinum catalyst than other types of fuel cells do, which raises the cost. There are two main motivations for modifying the electrodes. It can also be operated in the reverse manner as a high temperature steam electrolyser to produce hydrogen.